My biggest concern with proposal A is that it doesn’t limit the number of scrambles. It may make getting the same number of scrambles more expensive, but not enough.
In every Pacific war I have participated in, no one lets their carriers be attacked. They continue to grow and grow in number until finally one player (US usually) has enough units to force an attack. Until then, the player who can get to territory first (Japan almost always) moves in with a fleet and puts down blockers that are very hard to get rid of–maybe only can clear 1 / turn. Allowing more fighters per carrier does not change this dynamic.
Specifically, in the early game (in PTV this is approximately the first 8 rounds) I would keep buying CVs for Japan at 1 / round even though I wouldn’t have full carriers because I want the scrambles. The US and others are just playing catch up during this time, and as a result cannot push me anywhere, and can’t fight through my blockers. In most cases, they don’t want to touch my blockers which further helps me build a fleet. Japan sitting at 70+ since Turn 3 has many options for attack and the Allies can’t do anything to fight through the fleet.
Since all the naval battles are going nowhere, Japan and Germany just pick at Russia and China until they reach economic parity (or more) and then they win the long war.
I REALLY like the CV scramble rule, but I feel it makes the CVs over-powered. Even at 20 IPCs they are worth their value with the existing rules. By adding another plane to their capacity just makes them that more desirable. Hence, my support for prop B.