I explain these game quirks via my idea of “Invisible shipping”
Obviously merchant marine shipping isnt represented in A&A, why would it. Excluding convy zones we just assume that the IPCs of a territory (its raw materials) mysteriously reach the capitol and turn into guns, tanks, boats…etc.
It is not so hard to imagine that cities such as Sidney, Hong Kong, and Paris have enough infastructure and trade by sea, air, and rail, coming in and out of their territories that they can recieve at least enough equipment to arm an infantry division, including arriving men.
So on Hawaii, its not the 122nd Hawaiian regement, its just some men and materials transported to hawaii by transports, transports we dont see. And even if there wouldnt be a safe route to that territory, (japanese blocade) there is at least one or two infantry divisions worth of cooks, mechanics, and civilians in somewhere as large as a victory city to press into service.
My house rule allows a power to build 1 infantry at 1 VC per turn if it wishes, up to a maximum of 6 total units (including allied units) So india, and Australia cant become stacks of 100 men.