• What’s your thoughts on Albert Speer?


  • Guilty, by his own confession, of the charges against him during the Nuremburg trials.  His confession does not absolve him of his crimes.  He was not as evil as other Nazis, but nonetheless, clearly not a “good” person.

  • '10

    He did a great service at the end of the war, by disobeying Hitlers direct “Scorched Earth” orders.  This saved Germany and other European nations from utter destruction.

    He also gave us a unique insight into the Third Reich, after the fact.

    He was a Nazi, and a war criminal, but in comparison to the likes of Himmler?  No


  • Speer was an engineer and was used to analyzing problems in a rigorous way.  He was, I think, the only defendant at the Nuremberg trial to figure out that he would probably get more lenient treatment from the court if he took some responsibility for his actions than if he just denied them or if he just said that he was following orders (which is what the other defendants did).  He may have estimated that his actions were different enough from the worst crimes in the indictments, in both nature and degree, that he stood a chance of getting away with a stiff prison sentence rather than a death sentence if he followed this strategy.

    Speer’s memoirs and inteviews after the war do provide valuable information on what it was like to be “Inside the Third Reich” (as his book was titled), but they had a self-serving element too.  He understandably wanted to present himself in as favourable a light as possible, so he was selective in his recollection and presentation of facts.  In a documentary on the making of the TV series The World at War, series producer Jeremy Issacs says that the editors wanted to discreetly make the point that Speer was lying in one of his interview segments.  In this segment, Speer says that he had no idea that the Jews were being rounded up and exterminated, and that if he’d heard anything along those lines he would have immediately gone to Hitler or Himmler and asked for an explanation.  The series editors sandwiched this segment – in which a senior member of the Nazi government, and a personal friend of Hitler denies any knowledge of the Holocaust – between two other segments in which two very ordinary German citizens (one was a housewife) talk about hearing rumours and/or convincing statements during the war that the Jews were being systematically murdered by the Nazi regime.

  • Liaison TripleA '11 '10

    Nuremburg was a sham.

    Don’t pay any attention to it, or give it any creedence.  Any legal historian will tell you that.  It’s bollocks.

    That said, Albert Speer did what he had to do to survive. You can’t blame him for that.

    Call him a liar or not,  but it’s totally reasonable to believe, that 2 civilians who lived near a nazi death camp, may have heard about it, but that Albert Speer - living amongst the Nazi inner circle - never heard about it because everyone around him who knew probably didn’t want to say anything for fear or otherwise.

    As for good or bad, moral or immoral, it’s impossible to say.  Cannabils eat people, in their socities this is moral, normal, and acceptable.  But to us it’s the lowest form of savage immoral exsistence.  It terms of Legal,  Albert Speer didn’t break any laws - international or otherwise as far as anyone can tell (Again Nuremburg was a total sham).

    So with nothing good to say - save the cities which didn’t get burned, and nothing bad to say - save he was part of the inner nazi regime lol.

    The conclusion is he was neither.  He was just there.


  • Speer will answer to the Lord for his role in the whole thing.

    If he didn’t know anything at his level of access, I couldn’t think it was less than criminal negligence.  I suspect he knew more which makes it depraved indifference and worse (willful & criminal negligence).  You just can’t go with the “I was following orders” stuff.


  • I do not believe that Speer or any of the other head honchos around Hitler didn’t know anything. Whilst it was certainly true that only a ‘privileged’ few knew the exact details (Himmler, Hitler and co) it cannot be that others didn’t know anything. And Speer must have been completely aware that slave labor was being used for German war production. I mean, the Germans even at times gave transports of jews and other ‘undesirables’ to the east preference over transport of men and weapons. If you are in charge of war production, I find it hard to believe he didn’t at least suspect things.

    I do believe that of the army officers very few knew the exact details, but some like Trescow managed to piece it together. And Trescow tried to convince many army leaders to help him get rid of Hitler, many listened, few acted, but curiously enough none reported these activities to Hitler which makes me believe that most approved of trying to get rid of Hitler but few wanted to have anything to do with it personally.


  • There was no good nazi!

  • Liaison TripleA '11 '10

    But there were good Germans - Rommel -


  • @Gargantua:

    But there were good Germans - Rommel -

    Indeed.  But the fate of many good Germans was the concentration camps.  For example, Deitrich Bonhoffer.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonhöffer

  • '10

    @Idi:

    @Gargantua:

    But there were good Germans - Rommel -

    The only good German is a DEAD one!

    Idi, there was a time prior to 1946 when one might hear a phrase like that but that no longer applies today.


  • @Idi:

    @Gargantua:

    But there were good Germans - Rommel -

    The only good German is a DEAD one!

    The War is long over.

  • Liaison TripleA '11 '10

    What makes you think that? :P

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDdOdAtv34Q


  • @Gargantua:

    Nuremburg was a sham.

    Don’t pay any attention to it, or give it any creedence.  Any legal historian will tell you that.  It’s bollocks.

    That said, Albert Speer did what he had to do to survive. You can’t blame him for that.

    Call him a liar or not,  but it’s totally reasonable to believe, that 2 civilians who lived near a nazi death camp, may have heard about it, but that Albert Speer - living amongst the Nazi inner circle - never heard about it because everyone around him who knew probably didn’t want to say anything for fear or otherwise.

    As for good or bad, moral or immoral, it’s impossible to say.  Cannabils eat people, in their socities this is moral, normal, and acceptable.  But to us it’s the lowest form of savage immoral exsistence.  It terms of Legal,  Albert Speer didn’t break any laws - international or otherwise as far as anyone can tell (Again Nuremburg was a total sham).

    So with nothing good to say - save the cities which didn’t get burned, and nothing bad to say - save he was part of the inner nazi regime lol.

    The conclusion is he was neither.  He was just there.

    You raise an excellent point about the Nuremberg Trials. From Wikipedia:


    Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court Harlan Fiske Stone called the Nuremberg trials a fraud. “(Chief U.S. prosecutor) Jackson is away conducting his high-grade lynching party in Nuremberg,” he wrote. “I don’t mind what he does to the Nazis, but I hate to see the pretense that he is running a court and proceeding according to common law. This is a little too sanctimonious a fraud to meet my old-fashioned ideas.”[49]


    See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuremburg_trials#Criticism

    Also, while listening to NPR, I head that the rules of evidence gathering as specified in the Geneva Conventions had been set aside by those conducting the Nuremberg Trials. That point was also made in the above-referenced Wikipedia article.


    The trials were conducted under their own rules of evidence; the tu quoque defense was removed; and some claim the entire spirit of the assembly was “victor’s justice”. The Charter of the International Military Tribunal permitted the use of normally inadmissible “evidence”. Article 19 specified that “The Tribunal shall not be bound by technical rules of evidence… and shall admit any evidence which it deems to have probative value”. Article 21 of the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal (IMT) Charter stipulated:
    “The Tribunal shall not require proof of facts of common knowledge but shall take judicial notice thereof. It shall also take judicial notice of official governmental documents and reports of the United [Allied] Nations, including acts and documents of the committees set up in the various allied countries for the investigation of war crimes, and the records and findings of military and other Tribunals of any of the United [Allied] Nations”


    One of the reasons those rules for evidence gathering were created in the first place was to prevent false or fabricated evidence from being inserted into the proceedings. The Allied governments conducting the trials had a strong vested interest in making the Nazis look as bad as possible, both to make their own military victory look more glorious, and to distract attention from the Allied war crimes then being committed. (See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgenthau_plan#Food_policy and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_war_crimes#1944.E2.80.931945_2 for descriptions of some of those Allied war crimes.) The Wikipedia article goes on to state how the Allied governments may have used the elimination of evidence gathering rules to insert false evidence:


    Luise, the wife of Alfred Jodl, attached herself to her husband’s defence team. Subsequently interviewed by Gitta Sereny, researching her biography of Albert Speer, Luise alleged that in many instances the Allied prosecution made charges against Jodl based on documents that they refused to share with the defense. Jodl nevertheless proved some of the charges made against him were untrue, such as the charge that he helped Hitler gain control of Germany in 1933. He was in one instance aided by a GI clerk who chose to give Luise a document showing that the execution of a group of British commandos in Norway had been legitimate. The GI warned Luise that if she didn’t copy it immediately she would never see it again; “… it was being ‘filed’.”[63]


    The most serious charge laid against the Nazis was the Holocaust. However, the Holocaust and the mass starvation the Nazis inflicted in Poland and former territories of the Soviet Union were performed because WWII Germany did not have the food to feed the people within its borders. The Anglo-American food blockade had accomplished its intended task. The Allies and their food policies had ensured that millions or tens of millions of people within German-held territories would die. The Nazis chose to allocate scarce calories to those they liked the most, while exterminating or starving those they liked the least.  Adam Tooze’s book is primarily about the German economy prior to and during WWII; as well as the relationship between economics and diplomatic and military policy. Within that context he provides information about the food crisis Germany experienced during WWII, as well as the Nazis’ response.

    Obviously, Albert Speer had to have been aware of the immense food shortfall Germany faced from 1940 onwards. He was also doubtless aware of the measures being taken to address that shortfall. Those measures included transporting food out of Poland and into Germany, even though Poland was a food deficit nation. The problem was that Germany was a food deficit nation as well. Both nations required net food imports to avoid starvation. Other nations in Western and Central Europe–such as France and the Low Countries–also ran at food deficits. Another measure included the reduction of Jewish caloric consumption to zero, or (in some cases) very close to zero. The Nazis believed that if millions in German-held territory had to die anyway due to the lack of food, better those deaths be Jews than Gentiles. While that thinking demonstrates a deplorable degree of anti-Semitism, it cannot possibly have come as a surprise to the Allied leaders who chose to use food as a weapon in the first place. Did FDR and Churchill honestly think Hitler would respond to their food blockade by feeding Poles and Jews while letting millions of Germans starve to death?

    The Allied governments were primarily responsible for the millions of civilian deaths that occurred in Germany, both because of their policy of using starvation as a weapon against civilians in German-occupied territory, and because of their prohibition on mass Jewish immigration to Allied nations and colonies. (See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Paper_of_1939 .) Had the Nuremberg Trials been conducted by a trusted neutral government with no vested interest in any particular outcome, Albert Speer would have been able to use the above facts to defend himself. But because the Allied governments had chosen to conduct a show trial at Nuremberg, Speer was better off doing what he did.

  • Liaison TripleA '11 '10

    The allied governments convicted Jodl of war crimes and Executed him.

    I can’t remember if it was 48, or 54, but they overturned the ruling, cleared his name, and said he was innocent.

    Does that mean they Murdered an innocent man?

    Most of the crimes…  (there were technical terms for the charges but I don’t have them handy)

    “Waging agressive war” 
    “Waging war in enemy uniforms”
    “Using corporate slave labour”
    “Killing innocent civilians + torture”

    Were also committed by the allies, and some were even occurring during the trial.  No Soviet or western brass ever saw a courtroom.

    Hence - where there is no universal statute of everyone being equal before the law.  Then there is no law.

    It would have been better to forgoe the trials (Due to the way they were run) and let street justice prevail.  The same thuggery applied.


  • @Gargantua:

    Most of the crimes…  (there were technical terms for the charges but I don’t have them handy)

    “Waging agressive war” 
    “Waging war in enemy uniforms”
    “Using corporate slave labour”
    “Killing innocent civilians + torture”

    Were also committed by the allies, and some were even occurring during the trial.  No Soviet or western brass ever saw a courtroom.

    Hence - where there is no universal statute of everyone being equal before the law.  Then there is no law.

    It would have been better to forgoe the trials (Due to the way they were run) and let street justice prevail.  The same thuggery applied.

    I agree

    The soviets had their own concentration camp see:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulag:
    -No trial

    The Western Allies bombed many cities including the infamous bombing of dresden see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Dresden_in_World_War_II:

    • no trial

    The bombing of Dresden was one of the many occasions (including hamburg and Pforzheim)managed to achieve the “firestorm” which meant that the German fire fighters would be unable to control the flames. This was the same tactic that the Germans attempted to do during the Blitz but when the attacked london for 76 nights in a row but it was on the 29th of december (Help needed) that they attacked london and attempted to create a “firestorm” that the British firefighters would be unable to control


  • @The:

    @Gargantua:

    Most of the crimes…  (there were technical terms for the charges but I don’t have them handy)

    “Waging agressive war”  
    “Waging war in enemy uniforms”
    “Using corporate slave labour”
    “Killing innocent civilians + torture”

    Were also committed by the allies, and some were even occurring during the trial.  No Soviet or western brass ever saw a courtroom.

    Hence - where there is no universal statute of everyone being equal before the law.  Then there is no law.

    It would have been better to forgoe the trials (Due to the way they were run) and let street justice prevail.  The same thuggery applied.

    I agree

    The soviets had their own concentration camp see:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulag:
    -No trial

    The Western Allies bombed many cities including the infamous bombing of dresden see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Dresden_in_World_War_II:

    • no trial

    The bombing of Dresden was one of the many occasions (including hamburg and Pforzheim)managed to achieve the “firestorm” which meant that the German fire fighters would be unable to control the flames. This was the same tactic that the Germans attempted to do during the Blitz but when the attacked london for 76 nights in a row but it was on the 29th of december (Help needed) that they attacked london and attempted to create a “firestorm” that the British firefighters would be unable to control

    Good post!

    Just to add to what you’ve written, Dresden was bombed in waves. From Wikipedia:
    “It had been decided that the raid would be a double strike, in which a second wave of bombers would attack three hours after the first, just as the rescue teams were trying to put out the fires.[42]”
    The objective of the above was to draw firefighters and other rescue workers into Dresden with an initial attack, then to kill them off with a follow-up attack. The Dresden bombing resulted in eight times as many deaths as did the September 11th terrorist attacks, and about half as many deaths as the U.S. experienced as a result of the Vietnam War.

    Unfortunately, Dresden was far from being the most significant war crime committed by the Allies during the WWII era. From a different article:


    A significant percentage of this death toll, however, occurred when evacuation columns [of German civilians] encountered units of the Red Army. Civilians were run over by tanks, shot, or otherwise murdered. Women and young girls were raped and left to die (as is explored firsthand in Alexander Solzhenitsyn’s Prussian Nights).[48][49][50] In addition, fighter bombers of the Soviet air force penetrated far behind the front lines and often attacked columns of evacuees.[48][49] . . .

    The Red Army’s violence against the local German population during the occupation of eastern Germany often led to incidents like that in Demmin, a small city conquered by the Soviets in the spring of 1945. Despite its surrender, nearly 900 civilians committed suicide, fueled by instances of pillaging, rape, and executions.[citation needed]
    Although mass executions of civilians by the Red Army were seldom publicly reported, there is a known incident in Treuenbrietzen, where at least 88 male inhabitants were rounded up and shot on May 1, 1945. The incident took place after a victory celebration at which numerous girls from Treuenbrietzen were raped and a Red Army lieutenant-colonel was shot by an unknown assailant. Some sources claim as many as 1,000 civilians may have been executed during the incident.[notes 1][51][52]


    Also there is this:


    Antony Beevor describes [the Soviet invasion of Germany] as the “greatest phenomenon of mass rape in history”, and has concluded that at least 1.4 million women were raped in East Prussia, Pomerania and Silesia alone.[17] According to Natalya Gesse, “the Russian soldiers were raping every German female from eight to eighty.”[18] Soviet [19] and Jewish [20] women were raped also. . . .

    According to Anthony Beevor revenge played very little role in the frequent rapes; according to him the main reason for the rapes was the Soviet troops’ feeling of entitlement to all types of booty, including women. Beevor exemplifies this with his discovery that Soviet troops also raped Russian and Polish girls and women that were liberated from Nazi concentration camps.[36]


    Unfortunately, American policy toward Germany from 1941 - 1948 was altogether too similar to the Soviets’ policy. On the one hand, American soldiers were generally far more civilized and humane than their Soviet counterparts. There was no widespread rape-murder in the American zone as there had been in the Soviet zone. On the other hand, the postwar occupation formulated under the FDR administration, and carried out by the Truman administration, resulted in the deliberate starvation and murder of millions of German civilians.


    Germany was closed to relief shipments until December 1945. The given reasons were that they might tend to negate the policy of restricting the German standard of living. CARE package shipments to individuals remained prohibited until 5 June 1946. U.S. troops and their families were also under orders to destroy their own excess food rather than letting German families have access to it.
    In 1945 the German Red Cross was dissolved,[57][58] and the International Red Cross and other international relief agencies were kept from helping ethnic Germans through strict controls on supplies and on travel.[59] The few agencies permitted to operate within Germany, such as the indigenous Caritas Verband, were not allowed to use imported supplies. When the Vatican attempted to transmit food supplies from Chile to German infants[60] the U.S. State Department forbade it.[60]
    In early October 1945 the UK government privately acknowledged in a cabinet meeting that, German civilian adult death rates had risen to four times the pre-war levels and death rates amongst the German children had risen by 10 times the pre-war levels.[61] In early 1946 U.S. President Harry S. Truman finally bowed to pressure from Senators, Congress and public to allow foreign relief organization to enter Germany in order to review the food situation. In mid-1946 non-German relief organizations were finally permitted to help starving German children.[60] . . .

    By February 28, 1947 it was estimated that 4,160,000 German former prisoners of war, by General Dwight D. Eisenhower relabeled as Disarmed Enemy Forces in order to negate the Geneva Convention, were used as forced labor by the various Allied countries to work in camps outside Germany: 3,000,000 in Russia, 750,000 in France, 400,000 in Britain and 10,000 in Belgium. [4] Meanwhile in Germany large parts of the population were starving [5] at a time when according to a study done by former U.S. President Herbert Hoover the nutritional condition in countries that in Western Europe was nearly pre-war normal. . . . William Clayton reported to Washington that “millions of people are slowly starving.”[70] . . .

    Reports such as this by former U.S. President Herbert Hoover, dated March 1947, also argued for a change of policy, among other things through speaking frankly of the expected consequences.

    . . . There is the illusion that the New Germany left after the annexations can be reduced to a “pastoral state”.
    It cannot be done unless we exterminate or move 25,000,000 people out of it. This would approximately reduce
    Germany to the density of the population of France.[76]


    Also from the article,


    On March 20, 1945 President Roosevelt was warned that the JCS 1067 was not workable: it would let the Germans “stew in their own juice”. Roosevelt’s response was “Let them have soup kitchens! Let their economy sink!” Asked if he wanted the German people to starve, he replied, “Why not?”[44]


    It is worth noting that General Patton strongly opposed the Truman administration’s genocidal postwar policies.


    Patton was relieved of duty after openly revolting against the punitive occupation directive JCS 1067.[55] His view of the war was that with Hitler gone, the German army could be rebuilt into an ally in a potential war against the Russians, whom Patton notoriously despised and considered a greater menace than the Germans. During this period, he wrote that the Allied victory would be in vain if it led to a tyrant worse than Hitler and an army of “Mongolian savages” controlling half of Europe. . . .

    In addition, Patton was highly critical of the victorious Allies use of German forced labor. He commented in his diary “I’m also opposed to sending PW’s to work as slaves in foreign lands (in particular, to France) where many will be starved to death.” He also noted “It is amusing to recall that we fought the revolution in defence of the rights of man and the civil war to abolish slavery and have now gone back on both principles.”[56]


    WWII and the immediate postwar era represented the time during which American political leadership was most similar to that of the Soviet Union–both from an ideological and a moral perspective. But things began changing in the postwar era. The U.S. abandoned the genocidal directive JSC 1067 in the summer of 1947, and in 1948 it adopted the Marshall Plan. The humane spirit of the Marshall Plan represented a radical departure from the Yalta Conference of February 1945. That conference represented direct American and British cooperation with Soviet mass murder: citizens of the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia who had taken refuge in Germany were to be handed over to their respective governments, regardless of their consent. In addition, the Western democracies were also to hand over the vast majority of their German POWs to the Soviets. Finally, Germany was to lose 25% of its prewar territory, with ethnic Germans in East Prussia, West Prussia, and the Sudetenland forcibly expelled/ethnically cleansed from those lands.


  • @KurtGodel7:

    The most serious charge laid against the Nazis was the Holocaust. However, the Holocaust and the mass starvation the Nazis inflicted in Poland and former territories of the Soviet Union were performed because WWII Germany did not have the food to feed the people within its borders. The Anglo-American food blockade had accomplished its intended task. The Allies and their food policies had ensured that millions or tens of millions of people within German-held territories would die. The Nazis chose to allocate scarce calories to those they liked the most, while exterminating or starving those they liked the least.  Adam Tooze’s book is primarily about the German economy prior to and during WWII; as well as the relationship between economics and diplomatic and military policy. Within that context he provides information about the food crisis Germany experienced during WWII, as well as the Nazis’ response.

    Something revisionism this way come…

    Socalled German food shortages before the war are a complete fabrication. In fact, food was available in more than enough quantities, especially during the period of the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact. Though not in the same quantities as in the USA or Britain, still more than enough for a rich diet (The dictators, Stalins Russia and Hitlers Germany - Richard Overy).

    What happened after the war has also been blown out of proportion by certain groups.

    The German view, as expressed by their government, is that the Morgenthau Plan was of no significance for the occupation policy toward Germany but that Nazi propaganda on the subject had a lasting effect and that it is still used for propaganda purposes by extremist groups.

    http://www.bpb.de/publikationen/8P2K99,0,0,MorgenthauPlan.html

    Als der “Morgenthau-Plan” durch eine gezielte Indiskretion am 21. September 1944 in die Öffentlichkeit kam, war die Reaktion so negativ, dass auch Präsident Roosevelt sich distanzierte. Der Morgenthau-Plan verschwand bereits Ende September 1944 in der Versenkung, ohne von den zuständigen Gremien jemals formell diskutiert worden zu sein.

    “When the Morgenthau Plan was indiscretely leaked 21st september 1944, the reaction to the idea was so negative, that Roosevelt distanced himself from it. The idea had largely disappeared at the end of the year [and certainly by the time of Roosevelts death, since Truman was one of those who had vigorously opposed it]. It was never formally discussed in any official committee”

    Für die spätere Besatzungs- und Deutschlandpolitik blieb der Morgenthau-Plan ohne jede Bedeutung. Aber Goebbels und Hitler hatten den “jüdischen Mordplan” zur “Versklavung Deutschlands” mit so großem Erfolg für ihre Durchhaltepropaganda benutzt, dass bei vielen der Glaube entstand, das Programm habe ernsthaft zur Debatte gestanden. In der rechtsextremen Publizistik spielt der Morgenthau-Plan diese Rolle bis zum heutigen Tag.

    “For the occupation of Germany, the Morgenthau Plan as a whole had no real meaning. But Goebbels and Hitler did manage to succesfully present the “Jewish murder plan” to “enslave Germany” with such results that the belief was raised in many that the Plan was ever seriously considered as a policy. To this day, extremist groups use the Morgenthau Plan in publicity [to try and somehow equate it to the Holocaust and the like, which is beyond ludicrous and blatantly revisionist at best].”

    And therein lies the main (and extremely significant) difference between official, deliberate, carefully planned and state sponsored genocide and a plan which was never seriously implemented and even if was not designed to deliberately try to eradicate an entire group of people.


  • @13thguardsriflediv:

    Something revisionism this way come…

    Socalled German food shortages before the war are a complete fabrication. In fact, food was available in more than enough quantities, especially during the period of the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact. Though not in the same quantities as in the USA or Britain, still more than enough for a rich diet (The dictators, Stalins Russia and Hitlers Germany - Richard Overy).

    The claim that food shortages before the war are a mere fabrication is simply false. Germany was and is a food deficit nation, even more so than most other nations of Western or Central Europe. As Adam Tooze explored in his book, that means that for Germany to adequately feed its own people, it needed both the absence of an Allied food blockade, and the presence of enough foreign exchange to purchase food imports. Due to the large payments required by the Versailles Treaty, Germany’s foreign exchange situation was worsened. It also did not help when Britain, France, and later the U.S. closed their borders to German exports, thereby depriving Germany of a much-needed source of foreign exchange. The below quote is from Adam Tooze’s book, which is among the most authoritative available WRT German economic and food questions.


    World War I had forced the question of food back onto the agenda of European politics. The British and French blockade, though it failed to produce outright famine, did succeed in producing an epidemic of chronic malnutrition in Germany and Austria that was widely blamed for killing at least 600,000 people. Depression and mass unemployment brought a return of serious deprivation. And even in good times, at the bottom of the social scale, chronic malnutrition was widespread in Germany as it was in every other European society in the early twentieth century. One way or another, virtually everyone alive in Germany in the 1930s had an acute personal experience of prolonged and insatiable hunger.


    The Wages of Destruction, p 168.

    It is also worth noting that the German food situation during WWII was very bleak, even when the Nazi-Soviet Pact allowed Germany to import food from the Soviet Union.


    As we have discussed, the ‘bread basket of the Ukraine’ played a key role in all the various military-economic assessments of the Barbarossa campaign prepared over the winter of 1940-41. For Hitler, it was the key priority, to be achieved prior to any other military consideration, the importance of which was only reinforced by the alarming decline in the German grain stocks. By December 1940 the entire military and political leadership of the Third Reich was convinced that this was the last year in which they could approach the food question with any confidence. Nor was this simply a German problem. All of the Western European territories which had fallen under German domination in 1940 had substantial net grain deficits.


    The Wages of Destruction, 477.

    @13thguardsriflediv:

    What happened after the war has also been blown out of proportion by certain groups.

    The German view, as expressed by their government, is that the Morgenthau Plan was of no significance for the occupation policy toward Germany but that Nazi propaganda on the subject had a lasting effect and that it is still used for propaganda purposes by extremist groups.

    The consensus view is not always the correct view. That’s especially true when there are strong political considerations which push against fully examining the Morgenthau Plan or the role it had in postwar Germany.

    It is true that FDR publicly disavowed the Morgenthau Plan. But FDR’s public statements did not always reflect his actual policy. FDR got elected into office in the first place with promises to cut taxes and the size of government. Obviously those promises bore no relation at all to what he actually did. Morgenthau denialists have the bad habit of taking FDR and Truman at their word, which is not something you should do with any politician.

    The question of whether the Morgenthau Plan would be implemented was settled when Truman implemented JSC 1067 in May of 1945. While that wasn’t as destructive a plan as Harry Dexter White or Morgenthau had originally envisioned, it nevertheless resulted in widespread starvation. Below is a quote from the Hoover Report, written in 1947, and excerpted from the Truman Library:


    In some areas famine edema (actual starvation) is appearing in the children. . . . Famine edema is showing in thousands of cases, said to be 10,000 in Hamburg alone. The increased death toll among the aged is appalling.


    From page 9 of the report:


    [Dr. Sebrell] reports that the nutritional condition in [Italy, France, Belgium, Holland, and Britain] is nearly pre-war normal, while the special German groups I mentioned are not only far below the other groups but disastrously so.


    The Morgenthau Plan was formulated. Much of that plan made it into JSC 1067, which was the guiding principle of U.S. occupation policy for several years. Both FDR and Truman approved JSC 1067, and FDR successfully persuaded the other Allies to adopt similar measures.

    The Moregenthau Plan was not morally equivalent to the Holocaust. The latter was one of several measures the Nazis took in response to the Allied food blockade during WWII. Lacking the food with which to feed everyone, they decided to starve or otherwise exterminate those groups they liked the least, or which were least necessary for the war effort. As an example of the latter, skilled Polish workers received higher food rations than unskilled workers. It was expected that millions of unskilled Polish workers would starve to death due to Germany’s overall lack of food. Conversely, the Morgenthau Plan was not prompted by some external food blockade. Its sole purpose was to punish and kill Germans during the postwar era. Herbert Hoover estimated that the long-term effect of that plan would have been the extermination of about 25 million Germans.

  • Liaison TripleA '11 '10

    My Grandfather was an Air-Traffic Controller during the Berlin Airlift. These were hard times where people starved every day, and poverty was replete everywhere.  A note from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Blockade

    United States Joint Chiefs of Staff (“JCS”) directive 1067 embodied the Morgenthau Plan’s goals, but implementation proved impractical because it prevented the effective functioning of the occupation, not least because it proscribed personal contact between Germans and Americans.[7] Former US President Herbert Hoover, in one of his reports from Germany, argued for a change in occupation policy, amongst other things stating: “There is the illusion that the New Germany left after the annexations can be reduced to a ‘pastoral state’. It cannot be done unless we exterminate or move 25,000,000 people out of it.”[6]

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